Levelling is known as the Elevation measurements involve measurements in vertical plane. It may be defined as the art of determining the elevations of given points above or below a datum line or establishing given points of required heights above or below the datum line. TERMS USED IN LEVELLING Before studying......
Category: Surveying
Compass Surveying and How to use a CompassCompass Surveying and How to use a Compass
Compass is an instrument which can be used to measure the direction of a survey line with respect to magnetic north-south. The magnetic north-south direction which is the reference direction is called meridian (reference direction) and the angle between the line and the meridian is called bearing. Use of compass for......
Plane Table Surveying, Its Accessories & Working Operations of a Plane TablePlane Table Surveying, Its Accessories & Working Operations of a Plane Table
The most commonly used plane table It consists of a well-seasoned wooden table Top mounted on a tripod. The table top can rotate about vertical axis freely. Whenever necessary table can be clamped in the desired orientation. The table can be levelled by adjusting tripod legs. ACCESSORIES OF A PLANE TABLE......
Chain Surveying – Instruments used in ChainingChain Surveying – Instruments used in Chaining
Chain survey is suitable when Area to be surveyed is comparatively small and the Ground is fairly level. Chain survey can also be used when the Area is open and Details to be filled up are simple and less. In chain surveying only linear measurements are made i.e. no angular measurements......
Measurement of Distance with Chains or TapesMeasurement of Distance with Chains or Tapes
Measurement of distances using chain or tape is termed as chaining. This is the accurate and commonly employed method in surveying: These instruments can be classified as [1] chains [2] Steel band [3] Tapes [1] CHAINS The chains are composed of 100 pieces of 4 mm diameter galvanised mild steel......