Components of a Roof

Roofing is one of the most important project to undergo while constructing a house. A roof is the uppermost parts of any building which give protection against animals, and most especially weather, be it rain, snow, sunlight, heat, wind and so on. A roof also beautify a house but the primary purpose of a roof is to protect against any form of weather.

Check out Different Types of Roof, Roof Trusses and there Components

 

ROOF COMPONENTS

[1] RAFTER

The rafter is in slant form always from one edge of the wall plate to another all meeting at the top of the key post. It’s also most time 1.2m apart.

[2] COLLAR BEAM

A collar beam or collar is a horizontal member between two rafters and is very common in domestic roof construction. Often a collar is structural but they may be used simply to frame a ceiling.

[3] RIDGE BOARD

The top board at the peak of a roof. The rafters terminate against the ridge board unless the framing is designed to bear rafter against rafter with no ridge board. This type of framing is a specially designed rafter layout and requires precise and experienced erection.

[4] SOLID DECKING

roof deck suitable for the nailing and installation of shingles. The type, grade, thickness and installation of materials used for roof decks should conform to the requirements of the relevant local building codes of practice and regulations. The roof deck should be a stable, smooth and solid surface where shingles can be easily and, more important, securely installed.

[5] VENT UNDERLAYMENT

The main Purpose of Vent is to prevent Leakage from the Roof. The Vent is Laid immediately above the Deck before introducing the Shingles.

[6] SHINGLES

Roof shingles are a roof covering consisting of individual overlapping elements. These elements are typically flat, rectangular shapes laid in courses from the bottom edge of the roof up, with each successive course overlapping the joints below.

[7] VENT PIPE FLASHING

Flashing is a thin sheet, usually made of metal, that a roofing professional installs around any vertical surface that intersects with the roof plan. The Vent pipe Flashing provides ventilation for your home’s plumbing.

[8] CHIMNEY FLASHING

Of all roof components, flashing seems to be the least clear to the homeowner. To understand the need for flashing, think of a chimney. Chimneys don’t have shingles or underlayment, and they punch right through the roof decking into your home below. Chimneys have protection to keep water from rushing in through the top (a chimney cap); but what about the sides? What’s to stop water from running down the exterior of the chimney, wiggling right past the edge of the shingles, underlayment or decking and into your home? Flashing is the answer.

[9] GUTTER

Gutters are the plastic or metal troughs that take the water away from the edge of the roof. They connect to downspouts, which bring the water down and direct it to drain away from the home’s foundation. Without the downspouts to direct the water away from your home, you could develop foundation issues or other damage.

[10] DOWNSPOUT

The Downspout bring the water down from the gutter and direct it to drain away from the home’s foundation. Without the downspouts to direct the water away from your home, you could develop foundation issues or other damage.

[11] SPLASH BLOCK

During a storm, the water comes out of your downspout hard and heavy. If the water isn’t directed away from your house, it can cause real problems. The water could pool, or flow backwards toward your foundation. When water pools around your foundation and soaks in, it can lead to leaks and cracks that can cause hundreds of dollars in water damage restoration and foundation repair costs. And even if the water doesn’t damage your foundation, it can cause soil erosion and destroy your yard. But with a splash block, the water is diffused in a direction away from your house. You can also position it so that the water is directed away from your garden or new grass. These are very simple devices, but without them, your home is at risk.

[12] RAKE

The rake is not exactly on the roof. It is a term that describes the sloped sides of a gable end. The rake can be flat with no overhang, or it can overhang the gable end like an eave. The overhanging rake then is closed in with soffit and fascia or left open. A roof rake may be intricately designed.

[13] LOOKOUT

A lookout is a wooden joist that extends in cantilever out from the exterior wall (or wall plate) of a building, supporting the roof sheathing and providing a nailing surface for the Fascia boards. When not exposed it serves to fasten the finish materials of the eaves.

[14] FASCIA

fascia board refers to the band/strip that runs horizontally and covers the exposed ends of the roof rafters or trusses. Customarily, Roof Fascia is used in conjunction with soffit, which is the material that covers the undersides of the eaves running from the tops of the exterior walls to the outer edges of the Roof Trusses.

[15] RIDGE BOARD

The top board at the peak of a roof. The rafters terminate against the ridge board unless the framing is designed to bear rafter against rafter with no ridge board. This type of framing is a specially designed rafter layout and requires precise and experienced erection.

[16] VALLEY UNDERLAYMENT

Valleys are the indented spots where two roof planes meet. In the open valley style, valleys are vent by putting an vent underlayment so as to prevent Leakage.

[17] VALLEY FLASHING

two roof planes meet. In the open valley style, valleys are flashed with a long flat piece of metal with a “v”- or “w”-shaped center. You can cover a valley with shingles, in woven or closed-cut styles, but these are usually less effective than open flashing with metal flashing.

[18] SPACED SHEATHING

Spaced Sheathing, also called Skipped Decking, refers to the construction details of the substrate which the cedar gets nailed to and thus secured to your home.  Typically, 1×4 or 1×6 boards of wood are installed with a 3.5″ (maximum) space between each board directly over the roof rafters (or in a cold roof system, over the plywood deck).  The boards need to be installed in accordance with the size of the wood shake so that the shakes are nailed in their correct location.  With the wood shingles no longer installed on solid decking, their is room for airflow to get under the shingles.  The airflow will allow the underside of the shingles to dry out faster and more evenly while the spacing allows the hot air to pass under the shakes and out.

 

VALLEY

These are the indented spots where two roof planes meet.

DORMER

Where dormers connect with the main roof face, they create a valley, which needs flashing for protection.

RIDGE

The horizontal intersection at the apex of the two rising roof surfaces inclined in opposite directions.

SOFFIT

Many roof styles include a soffit. When the eave edge of a roof extends past the exterior wall, the soffit is the horizontal underside of this extension. Often, soffits are perforated or have built-in vent openings to provide ventilation for the attic space. Soffit vents, coupled with ridge vents at the top of the roof, can be a very effective way to achieve proper roof ventilation.

 

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